M.A. English

Subject: Phonetics and Phonology Assignment: Comparison of Consonant Sounds of English and Urdu Languages Introduction Phonetics is “scientific study of the production, transmission and reception of speech sounds.” It studies all possible speech sounds, whereas, Phonology is the branch of linguistics which studies the sound system in a language. Bloomfield argues “Phonology is the organization of sounds into patterns”. So the subject “Phonetics and Phonology” we study the description and classification of speech sound as well as the principles that govern the way the sounds are organized in languages and to explain the variations that occur. The assignment which we are supposed to submit is also based on the study of Consonant sounds. The assignment includes the basic characteristics of Urdu and English Phonology, in which some common and uncommon characteristics of both of the languages are discussed in detail. After then a comparison is carried out between the Consona...

Clause = Subject + Verb  Clause is a combination of words which contains subject and a verb. It may be a complete sentence or part of a sentence that conveys proper meaning. It is quite different from a phrase where the subject-verb combination is not necessary. Types of clauses 1.     Independent clause 2.     Dependent clause 1.   Independent clause: (also known as main clause, conjoining clause, principal clause, and co-ordinate clause) it can stand independently           E.g. I went to the library Two independent clauses can be joined together with the help of these independent conjunctions           And, yet, but, or, so. 2. Dependent clause: (also known as auxiliary clause, embedding clause, reason clause, and sub-ordinate clause). It is dependent on the main (independent) clause.           E.g., he says that he was coming. A dependent cl...